Friction drum winding machine



Jan. 1,1952

c. A. DICKHAUT FRICTION DRUM WINDING MACHINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Aug. 25, 1947 INVENTOR. CHARLES A. DICKHAUT A T TOENE Y Jan. 1, 1952 c. A. DICKHAUT FRICTION DRUM WINDING MACHINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 25, 1947 U A mu" K MC V m. A S E L m H \W R id/aim ATTOQ/VEY Jan. 1,. 1952 c. A. DICKHAUT FRICTION DRUM WINDING MACHINE Filed Aug; '25, 1947 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 s m 0E I Arra/e/vfy Jan. 1, 1952 c. A. DICKHAUT FRICTION DRUM WINDING MACHINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Aug. 25, 1947 V INVENTOR. CHgPLEiALDICKHAUT ATTORNEY.

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Patented Jan. 1, 1952 Charles A. Dickhaut,

- signer to John Waldro ration of New Jersey Highland: Park, N, ;J., asn Corporation, a corpo- Application August 25, 1947, Serial No, 770,380 15 Claims. (01', 242- 65) This invention relates to web delivery, and more particularly to apparatus for rolling up or rewinding a webbeing delivered from-a continuous treating operation such as a coating process.

'Heretofore it has been customaryin winding a 'web into a bundle on a'core, to pass the web over adriven winding drum onto the core,'which rests of its own weight on the drum, and is rotated by peripheral contact therewith. Atthe beginning of the winding operation, when only a few layers have been wound onto the core, the bundle is relatively small in diameter and light inweight, so that the winding pressure is'low and in consequence the web is relatively loosely wound. As the winding proceeds, and more layers are added, the bundle increases in diameter andweight, and as the entire weight ofthebundle is carried by the winding drum, the increase in pressure causes the web to be more tightly wound. :Thus the more tightly' wound outer layers constrict the more loosely wound inner layers, and this condition increases as the winding proceeds, until the inner layers are crinkled or'crushed, resulting in Waste of the inner layers.

v Objects of the present invention are to eliminate thisdifficulty, to provide a uniform winding pressure, to-support the. weight of the bundle independentlyof or separately from the winding drum, to movejthe axis of the core. away from the'winding drum in response to increase in diameter of theroll being wound, to provide an initial pressure in-addition to the weight of the'bundle at the beginning of the winding, operation, to take the increased weight of the roll off the winding drum as the roll increases in diameter, and

tootherwise improve the apparatus for winding webs.

According to the-inventionthe Web winding machinecomprises a winding drumlover which the web passes and a core-onwhich the web is wound by peripheral contact with said winding drum, movably mounted bearings in which said core-is 'journaled. means separate from said bearings and-cooperating therewith for supporting the weight of. the bundle thereon, and means for moving :said bearings along said separate weight supporting means away from said winding. drum andcomprising a shaft, a motor for driving said shaft, and means responsive to increase in-diameterof said. bundle for transmitting power from said shaft to move said bearings.

Other objects'and features of novelty will be apparent as the following description proceeds, .with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: c

-Figu1e-1-is aside elevation of a windingxmachine according to the preferred embodiment: of the present invention Figure 1a is apartial view of the same,-showing the parts in a diiferent position;

- Figure 2 is a plan view of the same, with parts broken awayto-show structure therebelow;

Figure 3 is a vertical section taken alongthe line 33 of Figure 2 v I v F'igure l is a vertical section taken along:the line 4-4-of Figure 3; s a Figure la'is a similar-section looking inthe opposite direction;

Figure 4b is a-partial view of parts in a different position; Figure -5 is an'enlarged elevationofnthe pneumatic valve shown in Figs. land 2; Figure 6 is a vertical section taken-along the line 6--6'of Figure 5; and

Figure '7 is a detail of the diaphragm and planetary gearing shown inFig. 2,

As-shown in Figures 1 and 2, the web W, continuously delivered from the treating process, passes inperipheral contact with-a rewind drum D, which is continuously driven at 'uniform speed. The web 'W is wound up into a delivery bundle on a core M, the-ends of whichare journaled in carriages C. A rider H bears on the journals of thecoreand presses the core against the web -on the'winding drum D to provide the nip for= the winding operation thus providing an initial pressure in addition to-the weight of the bundle-at the beginning of thewinding operation. As the bundle on the core M increases indiameter, it raises the journals of the core M, which inturn'raise the rider H. Thisupward movementof the rider H relieves the initial pressure above referred to, and is utilized to start driving achai'n J, which moves the carriage C away from thedrum' D, thus-providing greater-space between 'the'core'and the {drum-to accommodate the increase in diameter of" the bundle of web, and taking the consequent increase in'weight'ofi the winding'drum D to prevent'increase in the winding pressure.

Thus upward'movement of the rider Hppens a valve V, which breaks vacuum in adiaphrag-m G '(Fig. 2), which inturn applies-brakes to the ring gear of planetary gearing P, the drive pinion of which is continuously driven at constant speed. Througha gear reducer R the planetary gearing P drives a sprocket S which in turn drives the driveshaft for the chains J. After thechain J hasmoved thecarriage C and the journals of; the core M away from the Fig. 4a, showing gearing P is actuated through a winding drum D a sufiicient distance to relieve the drum D of the increment of pressure due to the bundle build-up and permit the rider H to descend, the descent closes the valve V. This restores vacuum to the system which actuates the diaphragm G to unbrake the planetary ring gear, which idles until another increment in diameter of the bundle starts to repeat the operation in intermittent fashion, inching the core away from the drum D, until the carriage C gets beyond the rider H.

After the carriage C passes out from under the rider H, the force of increasing diameter tends to push the bundle away from the drum D, because the axis of the core is now to one side-instead of vertically above, the axis of the winding drum. This causes a pull on the chain J which causes an overrunning condition of the sprocket S, and permits a pin T (Fig. 4) on the sprocket S to trip another valve B. The valve B breaks vacuum in the diaphragm G, and causes driving of the chain J as before. When the chain J has moved the distance required by the bundle diameter increment, the valve B closes, which restores the drive to idling again.

. Referring more particularly to the drawing, the winding machine frame comprises a pair of end plates or castings l and 12, in which the shaft M of the rewind drum D is journaled. One end of this shaft has keyed thereto a sprocket l5 driven by a chain [6 from a sprocket 11 on a shaft 18 of a transmission gear box l9, driven with other machinery not shown, such as a tensioning device, from a large main drive motor.

On top of each of the end plates l0 and I2 is mounted a straight slotted track 20 which is inclined a few degrees upwardly in the direction of movement of the web. The carriages C are slidable along the tracks 20, and comprise a pair of chain blocks 22 provided with rack sprocket teeth 24 depending through the slots to engage the upper runs of chains J which move along inside the slots. The chain blocks 22 have upright guides which slidably receive bearings 25 in which the ends of the mandrel core M are journaled. The chains J are driven by sprockets 28 keyed on a shaft 30 journaled in the end plates l0 and 112. The sprocket S is freely rotatable on this shaft30. As shown in Figure 4 the sprocket S is provided with lugs 32 which are adapted to engage corresponding lugs 33 on a disk 34 keyed on the shaft 30 for driving the same.

The sprocket S is driven by a chain 35 from a sprocket 36 on the gear reducer R. The gear reducer R is driven through a coupling 31 from the planetary gearing P. The drive pinion 23 of the planetary gearing P is continuously driven by a sprocket chain 38 at constant speed from a small motor, 39. The drive pinion 23 meshes with 26 journaled in known manner in I k which is joined to the couplingf31. The planet wheels 26 engage an internally toothed ring gear, not shown, the external periphery of which is adapted to be engaged by spring loaded brake shoes 21. Thebrake for the ring gear of the planetary lever 40 by the diaphragm G', which comprises a vacuum-tight casing 29 closed by a flexible diaphragm 3|. The lever '40 is connected to the center of the diaphragm3 I. The left hand side of the diaphragm, with reference to Figure '1, is in communication with the atmosphere, while the interior of the casing 29 on the other side of the diaphragm is connected by a conduit 4| to a vacuum pump 42 'connectedby a cond 't 43 to the valve V. The

plarrggwheels vacuum pump 42 has a sprocket 48 driven by a chain 49 from a sprocket 5| driven by a small motor 55.

Valve V comprises a body 16 in which a cradle 11 is pivoted on screws 18. Cradle 11 carries a rod 19 upon which there is mounted a conical valve member which is adapted to engage a conical seating at the end of a bore 8! communicating with the conduit 43; Valve member 80 is normally held in vacuum-tight relationship with its seating 8| by means of a coil spring 82 connected at one end to the rod 19 and at its other end to a rod 83 held in the body 16 by a set screw 84. The left hand extremity of the rod 19, with reference to Figure 6, engages a recess, not shown, in rider H.

Referring again to Figure 4, the lugs 32 are urged toward the lugs 33 by springs 45 bearing against abutments 46 rigidly mounted on the disk 34. This forms a lost motion driving connection between the disk 34 and the sprocket S when the latter is rotated in a direction to separate the lugs 32 and 33. The disk 34 is notched at 41 to receive the pin T projecting thereinto from the sprocket S. A trip lever 50 is pivoted on the disk 34 and extends into the path of the pin T. The other end of the lever 50 carries the valve 13 which opens a passage 52 in communication with a gland ring 53, from which a conduit 54 leads to the vacuum pump 42. The vacuum in the diaphragm G is controlled by the valve B.

In the open position of the valve B the passage 52 places the gland ring 53 in communication with the atmosphere while in the closed position of the valve the gland ring is sealed from the atmosphere.

The manner of operation of the parts of the machine so far described is as follows:

The main driving motor and the motors 39 an 55 are started up with the result that the drum D, the drive pinion 23 and the vacuum pump 42 are all driven. Valves V and B are closed (Figs. la and 4a) so that vacuum pump 42 and the brake shoes 21 are held oi the ring gear of the planetary gear P. The planet wheels 26 rotate in their carrier, the latter remaining stationary.

The web W, Figure l, continuously delivered from a treating process in the direction of the arrow, passes between the drum D and the mandrel core M and is wound into a roll or bundle on the latter by rotation of the drum D. The riders H bearing on the slidable bearings 25 of the mandrel core provide the necessary nip on the web for this winding operation by providing an initial pressure in addition to the weight of the bundle at the beginning of the winding operation.

As the roll or bundle on the core M increases in diameter, as soon as its weight exceeds that needed for web winding pressure, it raises the bearings 25 in the chain blocks 22 and bearings 25 in turn raise the riders H thus relieving the initial pressure above referred to. Upward movement of the riders H tilts the rod 19 in valve V about the pivot screws 18 with the result that valve member 30 is removed from its seating and the vacuum in casing 29 is released. The rod 19 may be tilted also manually by means of handle 15. r

Release of the vacuum in casing 29 causes the brake shoes 21 to be applied to the ring gear of planetary gear P, with the result that the planet wheel carrier rotates coupling 31 which in turn rotates sprocket 36 through reduction gear R. The sprocket 36 drives chain 35 which drives tracks 20 sprocket S, and the lugs 32 bearing on the lugs 330i the disk 34 rotate the latter together'with shaft-30 and sprockets 28; Rotation of sprockets 28 drives the chains J in the direction to move thecarriages C and thecore M from left to right in' Fig. 1. This movement of the carriages C away from the drum D increases the space between the core M and the drum to accommodate the increase in diameter of the bundle. A's-the chains J move the carriages C and the bearings 25-away from the drum D, the bearings 25*descend in the'chain blocks 22 under the infiuence of the riders H with the result that the latter descend to allow valve member 80 of valve V-tojreturn to its seating (Fig. 1a). The vacuum pump 42 now restores vacuum to casing 29 and diaphragm 3| moves to'release the brake shoes 21 from the planetary ring gear. The planet wheel carrier ceases to rotate and the chains J are no-longer driven. The carriages C and core M come'to' rest and remain in their new position until the roll diameter increases again sufliciently for rider H to be raised to openvalve V again torepeat the above operation. The core M is thus inched intermittently from the drum D until the carriages C pass beyond the riders H.

-When the carriages C reach a point in the where the right hand end of the riders Hno longer bear on the bearings 25, the force on the-core M due'to increase in diameter of the roll tends to push the roll farther to the right along the'tracks 20, with reference to Figure 1. as the axis of the core is by this time well to the right, instead of vertically above, the axis of the winding drum. This creates a pull in the chains Jwhich causesrotation of sprocket S to take up the lost motion between itself and the disk 34. Lugs 32 and 33 separate against the action of springs 45, the loading of which maintains web winding pressure. When the web winding pressure is exceeded, the springs '45 are compressed suificiently to permit the pin T on the sprocket S to trip lever 59 (Fig. 4b). Tripping of lever 56 opens valve 3 to place the vacuum pump in communication with the atmosphere through conduit 54. gland ring 53 and passage 52. The vacuum in casing 29 is again released and driving of the chains J is brought about as described above. When the chains J have moved the core M suificiently to relieve the pull in the chains valve B'closes, and chains J and the core M are again arrested. When the roll or bundle is nearly completed, the carriages C approach the end of the tracks 20 at a'point where the chains J move from the straight to the circular the idler sprockets 2| part of their path around with the result that the depending teeth 24' disengage from the chains, the last tooth to unmesh pushing the carriage C on the end of track 20. This causes the carriage C to tip, and to release the bearings 25 from the uides on the chain blocks 22. At this time the core mandrel M engages hooks 5! on the outer ends of a pair of cradle arms 58 keyed on a shaft 60 journaled in the frame members It and I2. Also keyed on the shaft 60 are two rocker arms 6|, one at each end of the shaft 60, each of which is pivoted to the piston rod 62 of a hydraulic cylinder 63. Each'of the hydraulic cylinders 63 is pivotally mounted as at 56 to one of theend plates I 0, l2. The ends of the cylinders 63 are connected by a' conduit 64 in which is mounted a valve 65. Valve 65no'rmally closes the conduit position s'hown'in Figure 1 where the hooks stare 4 .64 so that the pistonrods. 62 are'held in the 7s inposition to-receive'the mandrel core-M. il lie valve-65 may be operatedmanually but-in the form-shown the valveis in the path of the mandrel core M, to be automatically tripped thereby when the bundle is completed; to auto matically lower the bundle with its-"core cradled in'the hooks 51. Tripping of valve (SB-places the ends of each cylinder 65 in communication with eachother to free the piston rods 62, with the result thatthe weight of the bundle cradledin hooks 5"l-causes the arms 58 to rotate in a clockwise direction to lower the roll from the machine; The conduits 64 are provided with a flexible portion 59 to allow slight pivoting movement "of the hydraulic cylinders 63 during this lowering mos tionof the-completed roll.

The loweringof the bundle releases the carriages C, which are manually removed by the operatorfrom thewound mandrel, then returned to the other end of the tracks 20 to receivean empty core. To facilitate this operation a pair of carriage supporting-'members 68 each have one end pivoted on the frames. l0 and I2 and the other end connected'by a link 69 to a bell'crank l6, pivotally mounted on shaft 66. Arm 1| of hell crank-l0 is connected by a link 12 to a push rod 73 connected to therider H. A hand lever M is provided on shaft 66 by means of which the shaft and bell cranks '10 may be rotated to raise the riders H and the carriage supporting members 68 to permit insertion of the carriages C under the riders H and on top of the supporting members 68 into leading position. The carriage supporting members 68 being elevated prevent the depending teeth 24 from engaging the chain J while the'fresh mandrel is being loaded into the carriage C, and also prevent the fresh mandrel from prematurely contacting the winding drum D. The carriage supporting member 68 and the riders H are then lowered manually by lever 14. This lowers'the fresh mandrel into contactwith the web on'the winding drum D'to start the-winding of another roll, also lowers the teeth 24 into meshing engagement with the chains J, and lowers the riders H into operative position for applying an'initial pressure in addition to the weight of the bundle at the beginning of the windingoperation and for later automatic operation of the related mechanism inresponse to increase in diameter of theroll.

What is claimed is:

1. In a-web winding machine having a'winding-drum'over which the web passes and a'core on which the web is wound into a bundlev by peripheral contact with said winding drumpthe improvement which comprises movably mounted bearings in which'said core is journaled, means separate from said. bearings and cooperating therewith for supporting the weight of thebun'dle of web thereon, and means for moving saidbearings along said separate weight supporting means away fronisaid winding drum comprising a shaft, a motor'for driving said shaft, and meansresponsive to increase in 7 for transmitting power'from said shaft to move said bearings. 2

2. In a web winding machine having a winding'drum over which the web passes and a core on which the. web is wound into a bundle by peripheral contact with said winding drum, the improvement which comprises movably mounted bearings in'which said core is journaled, means along'which' 'saidbeari'ngs'are slidable for Sunportingthe weight of" the roller web thereon, and means for moving said bearings along said diameter of said bundle slidably supporting means away from said winding drum to maintain uniform pressure of said core on the web comprising a shaft, a motor for driving said shaft, power transmission means between said shaft and said bearings, and fluid pressure means responsive to increase in diameter of said bundle for actuating said power transmission means.

3. In a web winding machine having a winding drum over which the web passes and a core on which the web is wound into a bundle by peripheral contact with said winding drum; the improvement which comprises guide tracks substantially tangential to said drum, carriages slidably mounted on said guide tracks, core mandrel bearings slidable upwardly in said carriages in response to increase in diameter of the bundle being wound on said core, a rider slidable upwardly with respect to said guide tracks in response to engagement of said rider by said mandrel bearings, and means responsive to upward movement of said rider for moving said carriages along said tracks} comprising a shaft, a motor for driving said shaft, and driving connections between said shaft and said bearings. z 4. In a web winding machine having a winding drum over which the web passes and a core on which the web is wound into a bundle by peripheral contact with said winding drum; the improvement which comprises guide tracks substantially tangential to said drum, carriages mounted onsaid guide tracks, core mandrel bearings slidable upwardly in said carriages in responseto increases in diameter of said bundle; chains for moving said carriages along said guide tracks, a rider slidable upwardly with respect to said guide tracks in response to engagement by said mandrel bearings, and means responsive to upward movement of said rider for inching said chains along said guide tracks, comprising a shaft, a motor for driving said shaft, and driving connections between said shaft and said chains.

5. In a web winding machine having a winding drum over which the web passes and a core on which the web is wound into a bundle by peripheral contact with said winding drum; the improvement which comprises movably mounted hearings in which said core is journaled for supporting the weight of the bundle of web thereon, and means for moving said bearings away from said winding drum comprising a shaft driven at constant speed, driving connections between said shaft and said bearings, and means responsive to increase in diameter of said bundle for transmitting power from said shaft to move said bearings.

6. In a web winding machine having a winding drum over which the web passes and a core on which the web is wound into a bundle by peripheral contact with said winding drum; the improvement which comprises movably mounted bearings in which said core is journaled for supporting the weight of the bundle of web thereon, power transmission means for moving said bearing away from said winding drum, driving connections between said power transmission means and said bearings, and fluid pressure means responsive to increase in diameter of said bundle for actuating said power transmission means.

'7. In a web winding machine having a winding drum over which the web passes and a core on which the web is wound into a bundle by periph eral contact with said winding drum; the improvement which comprises movably mounted bearings in which said core is journaled for sup- .said winding drum comprising planetary porting the weight of the bundle of web thereon, and means for moving said bearings away from gearing having a pinion driven at constant speed, driving connections between said planetary gearing and said bearings, and means responsive to increase in diameter of said bundle for braking the ring gear of said planetary gearing.

8. In a web winding machine having a winding drum over which the web passes and a core on which the web is wound into a bundle by peripheral contact with said winding drum; the improvement which comprises movably mounted bearings in which said core is journaled for supporting the weight of the bundle of webthereon,

means for moving said bearings away from said winding drum comprising planetary gearing having a pinion driven at constant speed, a diaphragm for braking the ring gear of said planetary gearing, driving connections between said planetary gearing and said bearings, and means responsive to increase in diameter of said roll for varying the pressure on said diaphragm.

9. In a web winding machine having a winding drum over which the web passes and a core on which the web is wound into a bundle b peripheral contact with said winding drum; the improvement which comprises movably mounted bearings in which said core is journaled for supporting the weight of the bundle of web thereon, and means for moving said bearings away from said winding drum comprising a lost motion driving connection, means responsive to increase in diameter of said bundle for driving said connection in a forward direction, power transmission means between said lost motion driving connection and said bearings, and means responsive to further increase in diameter of said bundle for causing overrunning of said lost motion driving connection.

10. In a web winding machine having a winding drum over which the web passes and a core on which the web is wound into a bundle by peripheral contact with said winding drum; the improvement which comprises guide tracks substantially tangential to said drum, carriages slidably mounted on said guide tracks, core mandrel bearings slidable upwardly in said carriages in response to increase in diameter of the bundle being wound on said core, a rider slidable upwardly with respect to said guide tracks in response to engagement of said rider by said mandrel bearings, a shaft, a motor for driving said shaft, transmission means for driving said carriag'es from said shaft, means responsive to upward movement of said rider for connecting said transmission means to said shaft, moving said carriages along said tracks, and means for lifting said rider to facilitate the insertion of carriages for an empty core. 7

11. In a web winding machine having a winding drum over which the web passes and a core on which the web is wound into a bundle by peripheral contact with said winding drum; the improvement which comprises movably mounted hearings in which said core is journaled, means separate from said bearings and cooperating therewith for supporting the weight of the bundle of web thereon, means for moving said bearings along said separate weight supporting means away from said winding drum, comprising a shaft, a motor for driving said shaft, means responsive to increase in diameter of said bundle for transmitting power from said shaft to move said bearings, and cradle means for receiving the core from said bearings when the bundle is completed.

12. In a web winding machine having a winding drum over which the web passes and a core on which the web is wound into a bundle by peripheral contact with said winding drum; the improvement which comprises movably mounted bearings in which said core is journaled, means along which said bearings are slidable for supporting the weight of the bundle of web thereon, means for moving said bearings along said slidably supporting means away from said winding drum comprising a shaft, a motor for driving said shaft means responsive to increase in diameter of said bundle for transmitting power from said shaft to move said bearings, cradle means for receiving the said core from said bearings when the bundle is completed, and means actuated by engagement with a part moving with said core for lowering said cradle means.

13. In a web winding machine having a winding drum over which the web passes and a core on which the web is wound into a bundle by peripheral contact with said winding drum; the improvement which comprises movably mounted bearings in which said core is journaled, means for providing an initial pressure on said bearings in addition to the weight of the core and initially-wound web thereon during the initial winding operation to provide the necessary nip between the periphery of the winding drum and the periphery of the initially-wound web during said initial winding operation, weight-supporting means separate from said bearings and cooperating therewith for supporting the weight of the core and the web wound thereon, means for removing said initial pressure from said bearings and for transferring the weight of the core and initially-wound web from said winding drum to said weight supporting means after completion of initial winding operation, and means for moving said bearings along said weight-supporting means away from said winding drum comprising a shaft, a motor for driving said shaft, and means responsive to increase in diameter of said bundle for transmitting power from said shaft to move said bearings.

14. In a web winding machine having a winding drum over which the web passes and a core on which the web is wound into a bundle by peripheral contact with said winding drum; the improvement which comprises guide tracks substantially tangential to said drum, carriages slidably mounted on said guide tracks, core mandrel bearings slidable upwardly in said carriages in response to increase in diameter of the bundle being wound on said core, a weighted rider overlying said core mandrel bearings and supported thereon during the initial winding operation for providing an initial pressure on said hearings in addition to the weight of the core and initiallywound web thereon during the initial winding operation to provide the necessary nip between the periphery of the winding drum and the periphery of the initially-wound web during said initial winding operation, said rider being slidable upwardly with respect to said guide tracks in response to engagement of said rider by said mandrel bearings, means for removing said initial pressure from said bearings and for transferring the weight of said core and said initiallywound web from said winding drum to said carriages after completion of said initial winding operation, and means responsive to upward movement of said rider for moving said carriages along said tracks comprising a shaft, a motor for driving said shaft, and driving connections between said shaft and said bearings.

15. In a web winding machine having a winding drum over which the web passes and a core on which the web is wound into a bundle by peripheral contact with said winding drum; the improvement which comprises movably mounted bearings in which said core is journaled for supporting the weight of the bundle of web thereon, means for providing an initial pressure on said bearings in addition to the weight of the core and initially-wound web thereon during the initial winding operation to provide the necessary nip between the periphery of the winding drum and the periphery of the initially-wound web during said initial winding operation, means for re moving said initial pressure from said bearings after completion of said initial winding opera.- tion, and means for moving said bearings away from said winding drum after completion of said initial winding operation comprising a shaft driven at constant speed, driving connections between said shaft and said bearings, and means responsive to increase in diameter of said bundle for transmitting power from said shafts to move said bearings.

CHARLES A. DICKHAUT.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 

